The result is a standard score, or a z-score.

It measures the number of standard deviations a given data point is from the mean.

A z-score can be negative or positive.

Excel SMALL function

The average of every z-score for a data set is zero.

To calculate a z-score, you better calculate the mean and standard deviation.

The formulas in G4 and G5 are, respectively:

Where “points” is thenamed rangeC5:C12.

Excel LARGE function

from a set of numeric data.

RANK can rank values from largest to smallest (i.e.

top sales) as well as smallest to largest (i.e.

Excel RANK function

STDEV.S replaces the older STDEV function, with the same behavior.

STDEV.P Function

The Excel STDEV.P function calculates the standard deviation for a sample set of data.

STDEV.P calculates standard deviation using the “n” method, ignoring logical values and text.

Excel RANK.AVG function

Excel STDEV.S function

Excel STDEV.P function