AND will return TRUE only when both conditions are TRUE, and return FALSE in another other case.
This effectively zeros out calculations in months that fall outside the range of interest.
This works because during math operations, FALSE is coerced to zero, and TRUE is coerced to 1.
Without named ranges
The formula in the example shown uses threenamed ranges.
AND returns TRUEonly if all the conditions are met.
If any conditions are not met, the AND function returns FALSE.