It’s a mostly harmless citizen of our guts, but certain E. Coli strains can cause severe illness.

In recent years, scientists have shown that these strains are becoming more resistant to antibiotics.

The bacteria are, of course, incredibly tiny.

About 150 to 300 individual bacteria could probably fit head-to-toe across the period at the end of this sentence.

(A nanometer is a millionth of a millimeter.)

you could imagine it kind of like a turntable stylus, moving along the grooves of a vinyl record.

Totally different process but similar concept.

Antibiotic resistance makes infectious diseases harder to treat and can turn common infections into life-threatening scourges.

But with advanced microscopy techniques, scientists can shine a light on a previously unseen realm.