Explanation
First, the LEN function counts total characters in the cell B5.
LEN returns the result inside of a second LEN, which counts characters without carriage returns.
The formula in the example shown will return 1 even if a cell is empty.

LEN will also count characters in numbers, but number formatting is not included.
SUBSTITUTE Function
The Excel SUBSTITUTE function replaces text in a given string by matching.
CHAR can insert characters that are hard to enter into a formula.

For example, if A1 contains “apple”, ISBLANK(A1) returns FALSE.
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